Molniya-1 Satellite Bus

Data current as of 2026-07-20.

The Molniya-1 bus accounts for 82 cataloged objects, of which 13 are in orbit and 0 are active. 69 have reentered. Most are built by NPOPM. The largest operator on this bus is GUKOSR. The first launched in 1964, the most recent in 1990.

13
In orbit
0
Active
82
Total launched
69
Reentered

Molniya-1 launched per year

2 4 6 1964: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1965: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1966: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1967: 4 launched, 4 since reentered 1968: 4 launched, 4 since reentered 1969: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1970: 5 launched, 5 since reentered 1971: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1972: 3 launched, 3 since reentered 1973: 4 launched, 4 since reentered 1974: 3 launched, 2 since reentered 1975: 3 launched, 2 since reentered 1976: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1977: 3 launched, 2 since reentered 1978: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1979: 3 launched, 3 since reentered 1980: 3 launched, 3 since reentered 1981: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1982: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1983: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1984: 4 launched, 2 since reentered 1985: 3 launched, 3 since reentered 1986: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1987: 0 objects launched 1988: 4 launched, 3 since reentered 1989: 2 launched, 1 since reentered 1990: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1964 1969 1974 1979 1984 1989
Still in orbit Since reentered Click a year to list its satellites.

Typical specifications

Most common values across cataloged Molniya-1 satellites.

Manufacturer NPOPM
Purpose Communication
Launch mass 1650 kg
Dry mass 1620 kg
Length 4.4 m
Diameter 1.4 m
Span 8.6 m
Shape Cyl + 6 Pan
Power 6 deployable solar arrays, batteries
Propulsion KDU-414A (S5.114)
Design life 3 years
Typical orbit 717 min period, 64° inclination

Top operators

GUKOSR 36 GUKOS 18 UNKS 11 TSUKOS 10 OKB10 5 NPOE 1

Top countries

SU 82

Molniya-1 satellites

Track any of them live in KeepTrack.

Name NORAD COSPAR Owner Launched Orbit Status Track
MOLNIYA 1-77 Molniya-1 20583 1990-039A UNKS Apr 26, 1990 96 min, 62.0° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-76 Molniya-1 20255 1989-078A UNKS Sep 27, 1989 89 min, 63.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-75 Molniya-1 19807 1989-014A UNKS Feb 15, 1989 718 min, 63.8° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-74 Molniya-1 19730 1988-115A UNKS Dec 28, 1988 92 min, 63.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-73 Molniya-1 19377 1988-069A UNKS Aug 12, 1988 92 min, 62.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-72 Molniya-1 18980 1988-022A UNKS Mar 17, 1988 90 min, 61.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-71 Molniya-1 18946 1988-017A UNKS Mar 11, 1988 717 min, 62.1° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-70 Molniya-1 17264 1986-103A UNKS Dec 26, 1986 95 min, 62.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-69 Molniya-1 17078 1986-089A UNKS Nov 15, 1986 717 min, 63.5° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-68 Molniya-1 16934 1986-068A UNKS Sep 5, 1986 93 min, 61.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-67 Molniya-1 16885 1986-057A UNKS Jul 30, 1986 106 min, 62.1° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-66 Molniya-1 16220 1985-103A GUKOS Oct 28, 1985 89 min, 62.1° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-65 Molniya-1 16187 1985-099A GUKOS Oct 23, 1985 90 min, 61.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-64 Molniya-1 15977 1985-074A GUKOS Aug 22, 1985 94 min, 61.9° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-63 Molniya-1 15429 1984-124A GUKOS Dec 14, 1984 719 min, 63.0° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-62 Molniya-1 15214 1984-089A NPOE Aug 24, 1984 627 min, 63.0° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-61 Molniya-1 15182 1984-085A GUKOS Aug 10, 1984 91 min, 62.5° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-60 Molniya-1 14825 1984-029A GUKOS Mar 16, 1984 90 min, 63.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-59 Molniya-1 14516 1983-114A GUKOS Nov 23, 1983 90 min, 62.5° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-58 Molniya-1 14199 1983-073A GUKOS Jul 19, 1983 90 min, 63.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-57 Molniya-1 13964 1983-025A GUKOS Apr 2, 1983 91 min, 62.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-56 Molniya-1 13890 1983-019A GUKOS Mar 16, 1983 720 min, 62.6° Inactive
COSMOS 1423 Kosmos-1423 13685 1982-115A GUKOS Dec 8, 1982 707 min, 2.5° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-55 Molniya-1 13383 1982-074A GUKOS Jul 21, 1982 91 min, 63.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-54 Molniya-1 13237 1982-050A GUKOS May 29, 1982 94 min, 63.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-53 Molniya-1 13070 1982-015A GUKOS Feb 26, 1982 718 min, 63.8° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-52 Molniya-1 13012 1981-123A GUKOS Dec 23, 1981 719 min, 61.7° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-51 Molniya-1 12959 1981-113A GUKOS Nov 17, 1981 91 min, 63.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-50 Molniya-1 12556 1981-060A GUKOS Jun 24, 1981 94 min, 32.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-49 Molniya-1 12156 1981-009A GUKOS Jan 30, 1981 133 min, 61.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-48 Molniya-1 12066 1980-092A GUKOSR Nov 16, 1980 93 min, 62.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-47 Molniya-1 11856 1980-053A GUKOSR Jun 21, 1980 120 min, 27.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-46 Molniya-1 11662 1980-002A GUKOSR Jan 11, 1980 93 min, 63.1° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-45 Molniya-1 11589 1979-091A GUKOSR Oct 20, 1979 95 min, 61.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-44 Molniya-1 11474 1979-070A GUKOSR Jul 31, 1979 88 min, 61.9° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-43 Molniya-1 11328 1979-031A GUKOSR Apr 12, 1979 100 min, 63.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-42 Molniya-1 11007 1978-080A GUKOSR Aug 22, 1978 95 min, 62.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-41 Molniya-1 10984 1978-072A GUKOSR Jul 14, 1978 98 min, 61.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-40 Molniya-1 10925 1978-055A GUKOSR Jun 2, 1978 717 min, 64.0° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-39 Molniya-1 10696 1978-024A GUKOSR Mar 2, 1978 158 min, 61.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-38 Molniya-1 10315 1977-082A GUKOSR Aug 30, 1977 92 min, 62.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-37 Molniya-1 10092 1977-054A GUKOSR Jun 24, 1977 89 min, 62.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-36 Molniya-1 09880 1977-021A GUKOSR Mar 24, 1977 719 min, 63.7° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-35 Molniya-1 09049 1976-074A GUKOSR Jul 23, 1976 487 min, 63.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-34 Molniya-1 08762 1976-026A GUKOSR Mar 19, 1976 94 min, 63.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-33 Molniya-1 08741 1976-021A GUKOSR Mar 11, 1976 98 min, 62.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-32 Molniya-1 08601 1976-006A GUKOSR Jan 22, 1976 720 min, 63.7° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-31 Molniya-1 08187 1975-079A GUKOSR Sep 2, 1975 553 min, 63.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-30 Molniya-1 07903 1975-049A GUKOSR Jun 5, 1975 679 min, 63.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-29 Molniya-1 07780 1975-036A GUKOSR Apr 29, 1975 718 min, 64.1° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-28 Molniya-1 07480 1974-081A GUKOSR Oct 24, 1974 684 min, 63.5° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-S Molniya-1S 07392 1974-060A GUKOSR Jul 29, 1974 1436 min, 1.3° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-27 Molniya-1 07260 1974-023A GUKOSR Apr 20, 1974 100 min, 63.5° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-26 Molniya-1 06958 1973-097A GUKOSR Nov 30, 1973 91 min, 63.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-25 Molniya-1 06932 1973-089A GUKOSR Nov 14, 1973 712 min, 64.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-24 Molniya-1 06805 1973-061A GUKOSR Aug 30, 1973 680 min, 64.9° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-23 Molniya-1 06356 1973-007A GUKOSR Feb 3, 1973 637 min, 64.6° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-22 Molniya-1 06294 1972-095A GUKOSR Dec 2, 1972 109 min, 65.0° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-21 Molniya-1 06231 1972-081A GUKOSR Oct 14, 1972 712 min, 64.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-20 Molniya-1 05927 1972-025A GUKOSR Apr 4, 1972 124 min, 65.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-19 Molniya-1 05712 1971-115A GUKOSR Dec 19, 1971 326 min, 64.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-18 Molniya-1 05367 1971-064A GUKOSR Jul 28, 1971 629 min, 64.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-17 Molniya-1 04829 1970-114A GUKOSR Dec 25, 1970 718 min, 65.1° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-16 Molniya-1 04779 1970-101A GUKOSR Nov 27, 1970 718 min, 65.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-15 Molniya-1 04569 1970-077A GUKOSR Sep 29, 1970 200 min, 64.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-14 Molniya-1 04430 1970-049A GUKOSR Jun 26, 1970 157 min, 64.9° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-13 Molniya-1 04336 1970-013A TSUKOS Feb 19, 1970 711 min, 65.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-12 Molniya-1 04043 1969-061A TSUKOS Jul 22, 1969 156 min, 65.1° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-11 Molniya-1 03885 1969-035A TSUKOS Apr 11, 1969 110 min, 64.5° Reentered
COSMOS 260 Kosmos-260 03619 1968-115A TSUKOS Dec 16, 1968 707 min, 64.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-10 Molniya-1 03469 1968-085A TSUKOS Oct 5, 1968 160 min, 64.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-9 Molniya-1 03310 1968-057A TSUKOS Jul 5, 1968 100 min, 65.2° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-8 Molniya-1 03209 1968-035A TSUKOS Apr 21, 1968 127 min, 64.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-7 Molniya-1 03008 1967-101A TSUKOS Oct 22, 1967 90 min, 64.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-6 Molniya-1 02973 1967-095A TSUKOS Oct 3, 1967 95 min, 65.3° Reentered
COSMOS 174 Kosmos-174 02925 1967-082A TSUKOS Aug 31, 1967 147 min, 65.3° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-5 Molniya-1 02822 1967-052A OKB10 May 24, 1967 574 min, 64.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-4 Molniya-1 02501 1966-092A OKB10 Oct 20, 1966 712 min, 65.0° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-3 Molniya-1 02151 1966-035A OKB10 Apr 25, 1966 134 min, 64.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-2 Molniya-1 01621 1965-080A OKB10 Oct 14, 1965 717 min, 64.9° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-1 Molniya-1 01324 1965-030A OKB10 Apr 23, 1965 559 min, 64.0° Reentered
SL-6 R/B(2) Kosmos-41 00869 1964-049D OKB1 Aug 22, 1964 90 min, 63.9° Reentered

Frequently asked questions

How many Molniya-1 satellites are there?

The catalog lists 82 objects built on the Molniya-1 bus. 13 are in orbit and 69 have reentered.

How many Molniya-1 satellites are in orbit?

13 Molniya-1 objects are currently in orbit, of which 0 carry an active status.

Who builds the Molniya-1 bus?

The Molniya-1 bus is most commonly built by NPOPM.

When did the first Molniya-1 satellite launch?

The first cataloged Molniya-1 satellite launched in 1964, and the most recent in 1990.

Satellite data compiled by KeepTrack from CelesTrak, Space-Track, and GCAT, provided under CC BY-NC 4.0.