Molniya-1T Satellite Bus

Data current as of 2026-07-20.

The Molniya-1T bus accounts for 16 cataloged objects, of which 7 are in orbit and 0 are active. 9 have reentered. Most are built by NPOPM. The largest operator on this bus is VKS. The first launched in 1990, the most recent in 2004.

7
In orbit
0
Active
16
Total launched
9
Reentered

Molniya-1T launched per year

1 2 3 1990: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1991: 3 launched, 1 since reentered 1992: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1993: 3 launched, 1 since reentered 1994: 1 object launched 1995: 0 objects launched 1996: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1997: 1 object launched 1998: 1 object launched 1999: 0 objects launched 2000: 0 objects launched 2001: 0 objects launched 2002: 0 objects launched 2003: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 2004: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004
Still in orbit Since reentered Click a year to list its satellites.

Typical specifications

Most common values across cataloged Molniya-1T satellites.

Manufacturer NPOPM
Purpose Communication
Launch mass 1670 kg
Dry mass 1620 kg
Length 4.4 m
Diameter 1.4 m
Span 8.6 m
Shape Cyl + 6 Pan
Power 6 deployable solar arrays, batteries
Propulsion KDU-414A (S5.114)
Design life 3 years
Typical orbit 254 min period, 65° inclination

Top operators

VKS 5 UNKSR 3 KVR 2 UNKS 2 VKSR 2 VVS 1 VVSR 1

Top countries

RU 11 SU 5

Molniya-1T satellites

Track any of them live in KeepTrack.

Name NORAD COSPAR Owner Launched Orbit Status Track
MOLNIYA 1-93 Molniya-1T 28163 2004-005A KVR Feb 18, 2004 88 min, 62.9° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-92 Molniya-1T 27707 2003-011A KVR Apr 2, 2003 92 min, 63.8° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-91 Molniya-1T 25485 1998-054A VKSR Sep 28, 1998 609 min, 64.7° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-90 Molniya-1T 24960 1997-054A VKSR Sep 24, 1997 452 min, 64.4° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-89 Molniya-1T 24273 1996-045A VKS Aug 14, 1996 89 min, 62.5° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-88 Molniya-1T 23420 1994-081A VKS Dec 14, 1994 430 min, 64.2° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-87 Molniya-1T 22949 1993-079A VKS Dec 22, 1993 710 min, 64.9° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-86 Molniya-1 22671 1993-035A VKS May 26, 1993 254 min, 62.9° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-85 Molniya-1 22309 1993-002A VKS Jan 13, 1993 91 min, 62.0° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-84 Molniya-1 22068 1992-050A VVSR Aug 6, 1992 200 min, 61.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-83 Molniya-1 21897 1992-011A VVS Mar 4, 1992 98 min, 62.0° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-82 Molniya-1 21630 1991-053A UNKSR Aug 1, 1991 94 min, 61.7° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-81 Molniya-1 21426 1991-043A UNKSR Jun 18, 1991 718 min, 63.4° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-80 Molniya-1 21118 1991-012A UNKSR Feb 15, 1991 702 min, 64.9° Inactive
MOLNIYA 1-79 Molniya-1 20949 1990-101A UNKS Nov 23, 1990 88 min, 62.4° Reentered
MOLNIYA 1-78 Molniya-1 20742 1990-071A UNKS Aug 10, 1990 90 min, 61.4° Reentered

Frequently asked questions

How many Molniya-1T satellites are there?

The catalog lists 16 objects built on the Molniya-1T bus. 7 are in orbit and 9 have reentered.

How many Molniya-1T satellites are in orbit?

7 Molniya-1T objects are currently in orbit, of which 0 carry an active status.

Who builds the Molniya-1T bus?

The Molniya-1T bus is most commonly built by NPOPM.

When did the first Molniya-1T satellite launch?

The first cataloged Molniya-1T satellite launched in 1990, and the most recent in 2004.

Satellite data compiled by KeepTrack from CelesTrak, Space-Track, and GCAT, provided under CC BY-NC 4.0.