77KS Satellite Bus

Data current as of 2026-07-20.

The 77KS bus accounts for 10 cataloged objects, of which 1 are in orbit and 1 are active. 9 have reentered. Most are built by ZIKH. The largest operator on this bus is ZIKH. The first launched in 1977, the most recent in 1998.

1
In orbit
1
Active
10
Total launched
9
Reentered

77KS launched per year

1 1977: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1978: 0 objects launched 1979: 0 objects launched 1980: 0 objects launched 1981: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1982: 0 objects launched 1983: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1984: 0 objects launched 1985: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1986: 0 objects launched 1987: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1988: 0 objects launched 1989: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1990: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1991: 0 objects launched 1992: 0 objects launched 1993: 0 objects launched 1994: 0 objects launched 1995: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1996: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1997: 0 objects launched 1998: 1 object launched 1977 1982 1987 1992 1997
Still in orbit Since reentered Click a year to list its satellites.

Typical specifications

Most common values across cataloged 77KS satellites.

Manufacturer ZIKH
Purpose Space station
Launch mass 14750 kg
Dry mass 14000 kg
Length 13 m
Diameter 4.2 m
Span 13 m
Shape Cyl + 2 Pan
Power 2 deployable fixed solar arrays, batteries
Propulsion 2 main engines (417 kgf each, turbopump-fed, regeneratively-cooled) — permanently disabled after Zvezda docking. 24 large steering jets (40 kgf each). 12 small steering jets (1.3 kgf each). 16 external fuel tanks (total capacity 6.1 tonnes propellant). 16 pressurant tanks.
Design life 15 years design life. Still operational as of March 2026, exceeding 27 years on orbit. FGB propulsion system life extended to 2028 via comprehensive test campaign.
Equipment see above
Typical orbit 93 min period, 52° inclination

Top operators

ZIKH 4 NPOE 3 RKKE 2 NASA 1

Top countries

SU 7 RU 2 CIS 1

77KS satellites

Track any of them live in KeepTrack.

Name NORAD COSPAR Owner Launched Orbit Status Track
ISS (ZARYA) Zarya (FGB) 25544 1998-067A NASA Nov 20, 1998 93 min, 51.6° Active
PRIRODA Priroda 23848 1996-023A RKKE Apr 23, 1996 91 min, 51.6° Reentered
SPEKTR Spektr 23579 1995-024A RKKE May 20, 1995 91 min, 51.6° Reentered
KRISTALL Kristall 20635 1990-048A NPOE May 31, 1990 91 min, 51.6° Reentered
KVANT 2 Kvant-2 20335 1989-093A NPOE Nov 26, 1989 91 min, 51.6° Reentered
KVANT 1 SERVICE POD FSB 17851 1987-030C NPOE Mar 31, 1987 119 min, 101.9° Reentered
COSMOS 1686 Kosmos-1686 16095 1985-086A ZIKH Sep 27, 1985 88 min, 51.6° Reentered
COSMOS 1443 Kosmos-1443 13868 1983-013A ZIKH Mar 2, 1983 91 min, 51.6° Reentered
COSMOS 1267 Kosmos-1267 12419 1981-039A ZIKH Apr 25, 1981 91 min, 51.6° Reentered
COSMOS 929 Kosmos-929 10146 1977-066A ZIKH Jul 17, 1977 93 min, 51.6° Reentered

Frequently asked questions

How many 77KS satellites are there?

The catalog lists 10 objects built on the 77KS bus. 1 are in orbit and 9 have reentered.

How many 77KS satellites are in orbit?

1 77KS objects are currently in orbit, of which 1 carry an active status.

Who builds the 77KS bus?

The 77KS bus is most commonly built by ZIKH.

When did the first 77KS satellite launch?

The first cataloged 77KS satellite launched in 1977, and the most recent in 1998.

Satellite data compiled by KeepTrack from CelesTrak, Space-Track, and GCAT, provided under CC BY-NC 4.0.