Raduga Satellite Bus
Data current as of 2026-07-20.
The Raduga bus accounts for 34 cataloged objects, of which 33 are in orbit and 0 are active. 1 have reentered. Most are built by NPOPM. The largest operator on this bus is GUKOS. The first launched in 1974, the most recent in 1996.
33
In orbit
0
Active
34
Total launched
1
Reentered
Raduga launched per year
Still in orbit Since reentered Click a year to list its satellites.
Typical specifications
Most common values across cataloged Raduga satellites.
| Manufacturer | NPOPM |
|---|---|
| Purpose | Communication |
| Launch mass | 1965 kg |
| Dry mass | 1800 kg |
| Length | 5.5 m |
| Diameter | 2.5 m |
| Span | 9.5 m |
| Shape | Step Cyl + 2 Pan |
| Power | 2 deployable solar arrays, batteries |
| Design life | 3 years |
| Equipment | 3 Delta-1 C-Band transponders, 3 Delta-2 C-Band transponders |
| Typical orbit | 1436 min period, 9° inclination |
Top operators
GUKOS 11 UNKS 8 GUKOSR 7 VKS 5 UNKSR 2 OKB10 1
Top countries
SU 29 RU 5
Raduga satellites
Track any of them live in KeepTrack.
| Name | NORAD | COSPAR | Owner | Launched | Orbit | Status | Track |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RADUGA 33 Raduga | 23794 | 1996-010A | VKS | Feb 19, 1996 | 90 min, 47.7° | Reentered | ◉ |
| RADUGA 32 Raduga | 23448 | 1994-087A | VKS | Dec 28, 1994 | 1436 min, 14.3° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 31 Raduga | 23010 | 1994-012A | VKS | Feb 18, 1994 | 1437 min, 14.1° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 30 Raduga | 22836 | 1993-062A | VKS | Sep 30, 1993 | 1436 min, 14.0° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 29 Raduga | 22557 | 1993-013A | VKS | Mar 25, 1993 | 1435 min, 13.8° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 28 Raduga | 21821 | 1991-087A | UNKSR | Dec 19, 1991 | 1435 min, 13.3° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 27 Raduga | 21132 | 1991-014A | UNKSR | Feb 28, 1991 | 1435 min, 13.3° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 26 Raduga | 21016 | 1990-112A | UNKS | Dec 20, 1990 | 1436 min, 12.8° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 25 Raduga | 20499 | 1990-016A | UNKS | Feb 15, 1990 | 1438 min, 12.3° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 24 Raduga | 20367 | 1989-098A | UNKS | Dec 15, 1989 | 1436 min, 12.5° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 23 Raduga | 19928 | 1989-030A | UNKS | Apr 14, 1989 | 1437 min, 11.8° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 22 Raduga | 19596 | 1988-095A | UNKS | Oct 20, 1988 | 1437 min, 11.5° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 21 Raduga | 18631 | 1987-100A | UNKS | Dec 10, 1987 | 1435 min, 11.3° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 20 Raduga | 17611 | 1987-028A | UNKS | Mar 19, 1987 | 1501 min, 13.3° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 19 Raduga | 17046 | 1986-082A | UNKS | Oct 25, 1986 | 1463 min, 11.1° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 18 Raduga | 16497 | 1986-007A | GUKOS | Jan 17, 1986 | 1457 min, 10.5° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 17 Raduga | 16250 | 1985-107A | GUKOS | Nov 15, 1985 | 1438 min, 9.6° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 16 Raduga | 15946 | 1985-070A | GUKOS | Aug 8, 1985 | 1436 min, 9.4° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 15 Raduga | 15057 | 1984-063A | GUKOS | Jun 22, 1984 | 1437 min, 8.7° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 14 Raduga | 14725 | 1984-016A | GUKOS | Feb 15, 1984 | 1436 min, 8.5° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 13 Raduga | 14307 | 1983-088A | GUKOS | Aug 25, 1983 | 1467 min, 9.5° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 12 Raduga | 13974 | 1983-028A | GUKOS | Apr 8, 1983 | 1436 min, 8.1° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 11 Raduga | 13669 | 1982-113A | GUKOS | Nov 26, 1982 | 1474 min, 9.1° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 10 Raduga | 12897 | 1981-102A | GUKOS | Oct 9, 1981 | 1436 min, 6.6° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 9 Raduga | 12618 | 1981-069A | GUKOS | Jul 30, 1981 | 1437 min, 6.5° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 8 Raduga | 12351 | 1981-027A | GUKOS | Mar 18, 1981 | 1434 min, 6.2° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 7 Raduga | 12003 | 1980-081A | GUKOSR | Oct 5, 1980 | 1436 min, 5.9° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 6 Raduga | 11708 | 1980-016A | GUKOSR | Feb 20, 1980 | 1437 min, 5.6° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 5 Raduga | 11343 | 1979-035A | GUKOSR | Apr 25, 1979 | 1436 min, 5.2° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 4 Raduga | 10987 | 1978-073A | GUKOSR | Jul 18, 1978 | 1437 min, 4.7° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 3 Raduga | 10159 | 1977-071A | GUKOSR | Jul 23, 1977 | 1435 min, 4.0° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 2 Raduga | 09416 | 1976-092A | GUKOSR | Sep 11, 1976 | 1436 min, 3.4° | Inactive | ◉ |
| RADUGA 1 Raduga | 08513 | 1975-123A | GUKOSR | Dec 22, 1975 | 1436 min, 2.7° | Inactive | ◉ |
| COSMOS 637 Kosmos-637 | 07229 | 1974-017A | OKB10 | Mar 26, 1974 | 1429 min, 0.8° | Inactive | ◉ |
Frequently asked questions
How many Raduga satellites are there?
The catalog lists 34 objects built on the Raduga bus. 33 are in orbit and 1 have reentered.
How many Raduga satellites are in orbit?
33 Raduga objects are currently in orbit, of which 0 carry an active status.
Who builds the Raduga bus?
The Raduga bus is most commonly built by NPOPM.
When did the first Raduga satellite launch?
The first cataloged Raduga satellite launched in 1974, and the most recent in 1996.