Almaz Satellite Bus

Data current as of 2026-07-20.

The Almaz bus accounts for 13 cataloged objects, of which 2 are in orbit and 2 are active. 11 have reentered. Most are built by ZIKH. The largest operator on this bus is NPOE. The first launched in 1971, the most recent in 2021.

2
In orbit
2
Active
13
Total launched
11
Reentered

Almaz launched per year

1 2 1971: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1972: 0 objects launched 1973: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1974: 2 launched, 2 since reentered 1975: 0 objects launched 1976: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1977: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1978: 0 objects launched 1979: 0 objects launched 1980: 0 objects launched 1981: 0 objects launched 1982: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1983: 0 objects launched 1984: 0 objects launched 1985: 0 objects launched 1986: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1987: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1988: 0 objects launched 1989: 0 objects launched 1990: 0 objects launched 1991: 1 launched, 1 since reentered 1992: 0 objects launched 1993: 0 objects launched 1994: 0 objects launched 1995: 0 objects launched 1996: 0 objects launched 1997: 0 objects launched 1998: 0 objects launched 1999: 0 objects launched 2000: 1 object launched 2001: 0 objects launched 2002: 0 objects launched 2003: 0 objects launched 2004: 0 objects launched 2005: 0 objects launched 2006: 0 objects launched 2007: 0 objects launched 2008: 0 objects launched 2009: 0 objects launched 2010: 0 objects launched 2011: 0 objects launched 2012: 0 objects launched 2013: 0 objects launched 2014: 0 objects launched 2015: 0 objects launched 2016: 0 objects launched 2017: 0 objects launched 2018: 0 objects launched 2019: 0 objects launched 2020: 0 objects launched 2021: 1 object launched 1971 1981 1991 2001 2011 2021
Still in orbit Since reentered Click a year to list its satellites.

Typical specifications

Most common values across cataloged Almaz satellites.

Manufacturer ZIKH
Purpose Radar satellite (modified crewed spacecraft)
Launch mass 18500 kg
Dry mass 18500 kg
Length 13.1 m
Diameter 4.2 m
Span 13.1 m
Shape Step Cyl + 2 Pan
Power 2 deployable solar arrays, batteries
Propulsion KTDU-66
Design life 2.5 years (planned); 2 years reached (#1870); 1.5 years reached (#1)
Equipment S-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) (#all); radiometric scanner system (RMS) (A #1)
Typical orbit 93 min period, 52° inclination

Top operators

NPOE 4 TSKBM 3 RKKE 2 TSKBEM 2 ZIKH 2

Top countries

SU 11 RU 2

Almaz satellites

Track any of them live in KeepTrack.

Name NORAD COSPAR Owner Launched Orbit Status Track
ISS (NAUKA) Nauka 49044 2021-066A RKKE Jul 21, 2021 93 min, 51.6° Active
ISS (ZVEZDA) Zvezda 26400 2000-037A RKKE Jul 12, 2000 93 min, 51.6° Active
ALMAZ 1 Almaz-1 21213 1991-024A ZIKH Mar 31, 1991 91 min, 72.6° Reentered
COSMOS 1870 Kosmos-1870 18225 1987-064A ZIKH Jul 25, 1987 89 min, 71.9° Reentered
MIR Mir 16609 1986-017A NPOE Feb 19, 1986 88 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 7 Salyut-7 13138 1982-033A NPOE Apr 19, 1982 87 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 6 Salyut-6 10382 1977-097A NPOE Sep 29, 1977 90 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 5 Salyut-5 08911 1976-057A TSKBM Jun 22, 1976 88 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 4 Salyut-4 07591 1974-104A NPOE Dec 26, 1974 88 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 3 Salyut-3 07342 1974-046A TSKBM Jun 24, 1974 89 min, 51.6° Reentered
COSMOS 557 Kosmos-557 06498 1973-026A TSKBEM May 11, 1973 88 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 2 Salyut-2 06398 1973-017A TSKBM Apr 3, 1973 88 min, 51.6° Reentered
SALYUT 1 Salyut 05160 1971-032A TSKBEM Apr 19, 1971 88 min, 51.6° Reentered

Frequently asked questions

How many Almaz satellites are there?

The catalog lists 13 objects built on the Almaz bus. 2 are in orbit and 11 have reentered.

How many Almaz satellites are in orbit?

2 Almaz objects are currently in orbit, of which 2 carry an active status.

Who builds the Almaz bus?

The Almaz bus is most commonly built by ZIKH.

When did the first Almaz satellite launch?

The first cataloged Almaz satellite launched in 1971, and the most recent in 2021.

Satellite data compiled by KeepTrack from CelesTrak, Space-Track, and GCAT, provided under CC BY-NC 4.0.