COSMOS 1901, also known as Kosmos-1901, is a reconnaissance satellite launched on December 14, 1987 from the Tyuratam Space Center (TYMSC) Launch Complex 31 (LC31), using a Soyuz-U launch vehicle. It was designed and manufactured by TSSKB with the objective of conducting photo reconnaissance missions and returning film to Earth. The satellite's configuration consists of a Yantar Bus, main reentry module, and two small reentry capsules. Its dimensions are 6.3 meters in length and span, with a diameter of 2.7 meters. It has a dry mass of 2886 kilograms and is equipped with two deployable solar arrays and batteries for power generation. The satellite's shape can be described as cylindrical with two panels.