COSMOS 1654 (also known as Kosmos-1654) is a reconnaissance satellite launched by the Soviet Union on May 23, 1985, from the TYMSC launch site using a Soyuz-U launch vehicle from LC31. It features a Yantar'-4K2 bus configuration with a main reentry module and two small reentry capsules for film return. The spacecraft measures 6.3 meters in length and diameter with a span of 6.3 meters, has a dry mass of 2886 kg, and was equipped with two deployable solar arrays and batteries to provide power. Manufactured by TSSKB, the satellite's mission is focused on reconnaissance through photography using its Kobal't No. 826 payload. Owned by GUKOS, COSMOS 1654 has a cylindrical shape with two panoramic sections for observation purposes.