1991 Space Launch Chronology
Every orbital and deep-space launch attempt of 1991, successes and failures alike, drawn from the GCAT launch catalog.
Data current as of 2026-07-19.
91
Launch attempts
86
Successes
5
Failures
95%
Success rate
Launches by vehicle family
Soyuz
24
Kosmos
12
Tsiklon
9
Proton
9
Ariane
8
Space Shuttle
6
Delta
5
Molniya
5
Other
13
| Date | Designator | Payloads | Vehicle | Site / Pad | Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January 1991 (6) | |||||
| Jan 08 | 1991-001 | D202 : NATO 4A | Delta 7925 | CC / LC17B | Success |
| Jan 14 | 1991-002 | G 15000-045 : Progress 7K-TGM No. 205 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Jan 15 | 1991-003 | V41 L413a : Italsat F1, Eutelsat II F-2 | Ariane 44L | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Jan 17 | 1991-004 | 78023 -817 : Oblik No. 817 | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC16/2 | Success |
| Jan 18 | 1991-005 | 51061-502 : US-PU No. 4L | Tsiklon-2 | GIK-5 / LC90 | Success |
| Jan 29 | 1991-006 | 53744-158 : Tsikada No. 34L, RS-14 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| February 1991 (8) | |||||
| Feb 05 | 1991-007 | 47148-407 : Tsikada No. 32L | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| Feb 07 | 1991-008 | 77017 -980 : Kobal't No. 530, SpK | Soyuz-U | NIIP-53 / LC16/2 | Success |
| Feb 12 | 1991-009 | 47187-204 : Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 1, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 2, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 3 +5 more, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 4, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 5, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 6, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 7, Strela-1M Blok 45 No. 8 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| Feb 14 | 1991-010 | 344-02 : Oko-1 No. 7120 | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC200/39 | Success |
| Feb 15 | 1991-011 | 77053 -483 : Kometa No. 13L | Soyuz-U | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Feb 15 | 1991-012 | 77017 -571 : Molniya-1T No. 89L | Molniya 8K78M | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| Feb 26 | 1991-013 | 47168-254 : Parus No. 601 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| Feb 28 | 1991-014 | 360-02 : Gran' No. 38L | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC81/23 | Success |
| March 1991 (10) | |||||
| Mar 02 | 1991-015 | V42 L414 : Astra 1B, MOP 2 | Ariane 44LP | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Mar 06 | 1991-016 | 78023 -819 : Oblik No. 818 | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC16/2 | Success |
| Mar 08 | 1991-017 | K-5 (45F-1) : ONYX 2 | Titan 403A | VS / SLC4E | Success |
| Mar 08 | 1991-018 | D203 : INMARSAT II F-2 | Delta 6925 | CC / LC17B | Success |
| Mar 12 | 1991-019 | 65048-406 : Nadezhda No. 409 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| Mar 19 | 1991-020 | R 15000-049 : Progress 7K-TGM No. 208, VBK-2 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Mar 19 | 1991-021 | 53448-417 : Taifun-1B No. 11L | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC132/1 | Success |
| Mar 22 | 1991-022 | 77017 -574 : Molniya-3 No. 55 | Molniya 8K78M | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| Mar 26 | 1991-023 | 77053 -982 : Kobal't No. 536, SpK | Soyuz-U | NIIP-53 / LC16/2 | Success |
| Mar 31 | 1991-024 | 365-01 : Mech-KU No. 305 | Proton-K | GIK-5 / LC200/40 | Success |
| April 1991 (8) | |||||
| Apr 04 | 1991-025 | 354-02 : Uragan No. 50L, Uragan No. 53L, Uragan No. 54L | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC200/39 | Success |
| Apr 04 | 1991-026 | V43 L415a : Anik E2 | Ariane 44P | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Apr 05 | 1991-027 | STS-37R : OV-104, Gamma Ray Observatory | Space Shuttle | KSC / LC39B | Success |
| Apr 13 | 1991-028 | D204 : ASC 2 | Delta 7925 | CC / LC17B | Success |
| Apr 16 | 1991-029 | 47148-401 : Parus No. 602 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC132/1 | Success |
| Apr 18 | 1991-F01 | AC-70 : BS-3H | Atlas I | CC / LC36B | Failure |
| Apr 24 | 1991-030 | 67027-907 : Meteor-3 No. 6 | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| Apr 28 | 1991-031 | STS-39 : OV-103, SPAS-2, CRO-CO +5 more, CRO-BU, CRO-AM, GLORIA II, MPESS HH-1, AFP-675 | Space Shuttle | KSC / LC39A | Success |
| May 1991 (7) | |||||
| May 14 | 1991-032 | 50E : NOAA D | Atlas E | VS / SLC3W | Success |
| May 16 | 1991-033 | 51019-205 : Strela-3 | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| May 18 | 1991-034 | R 15000-051 : Soyuz 7K-STM No. 62 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| May 21 | 1991-035 | 78023 -266 : Resurs-F2 No. 6L | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC43/4 | Success |
| May 24 | 1991-036 | 77017 -981 : Kobal't No. 521, SpK | Soyuz-U | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| May 29 | 1991-037 | D205 : Satcom C-5 | Delta 7925 | CC / LC17B | Success |
| May 30 | 1991-038 | R 15000-050 : Progress 7K-TGM No. 207, MAK 1, Balloon subsatellite | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| June 1991 (8) | |||||
| Jun 04 | 1991-039 | 45033-305 : Okean-O1 No. 6L | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| Jun 05 | 1991-040 | STS-40 : OV-102, Spacelab Long Module 1, GAS Bridge | Space Shuttle | KSC / LC39B | Success |
| Jun 11 | 1991-041 | 47159-819 : Strela-2M No. 59L | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| Jun 13 | 1991-042 | 45019-207 : Tselina-D(R) No. 66L | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| Jun 18 | 1991-043 | 77053 -606 : Molniya-1T No. 87L | Molniya 8K78M | NIIP-53 / LC43/4 | Success |
| Jun 25 | 1991-F02 | 65061-262 : Taifun-2A No. 22L, ESO | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC132/1 | Failure |
| Jun 28 | 1991-044 | 78023 -153 : Resurs-F1-14F43 No. 12L | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| Jun 29 | 1991-045 | S216C : REX | Scout G-1 | VS / SLC5 | Success |
| July 1991 (7) | |||||
| Jul 01 | 1991-046 | 373-01 : Gorizont No. 34L | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC200/39 | Success |
| Jul 04 | 1991-047 | D206 : GPS SVN 24, LOSAT-X | Delta 7925 | CC / LC17A | Success |
| Jul 09 | 1991-048 | 78023 -818 : Oblik No. 819 | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC43/4 | Success |
| Jul 10 | 1991-049 | 77059 -726 : Neman No. 6L | Soyuz-U | GIK-5 / LC31 | Success |
| Jul 17 | 1991-050 | V44 L416a : ERS-1, UoSAT 5, Orbcomm-X +2 more, Tubsat A, SARA | Ariane 40 | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Jul 17 | 1991-051 | 002/F2 : Microsat 1, Microsat 2, Microsat 3 +4 more, Microsat 4, Microsat 5, Microsat 6, Microsat 7 | Pegasus/HAPS | EAFB / RW04/22 | Failure |
| Jul 23 | 1991-052 | 78012 -152 : Resurs-F1-14F43 No. 13L | Soyuz-U | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| August 1991 (11) | |||||
| Aug 01 | 1991-053 | 76035 -533 : Molniya-1T No. 90L | Molniya 8K78M | NIIP-53 / LC43/4 | Success |
| Aug 02 | 1991-054 | STS-43 : OV-104, TDRS-E | Space Shuttle | KSC / LC39A | Success |
| Aug 14 | 1991-055 | V45 L417 : INTELSAT VI F-5 | Ariane 44L | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Aug 15 | 1991-056 | 67082-803 : Meteor-3 No. 5/TOMS | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| Aug 20 | 1991-057 | R 15000-052 : Progress 7K-TGM No. 210, VBK-3 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Aug 21 | 1991-058 | 78012 -269 : Resurs-F2 No. 7L | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| Aug 22 | 1991-059 | 53778-429 : Parus No. 604 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC132/1 | Success |
| Aug 25 | 1991-060 | H-23(F) : BS 3B | H-1 | TNSC / N | Success |
| Aug 29 | 1991-061 | I 15000-079 : IRS-1B | Vostok 8A92M | GIK-5 / LC31 | Success |
| Aug 30 | 1991-062 | M-3S2-6 : SOLAR-A | Mu-3S-II | KASC / M1 | Success |
| Aug 30 | 1991-F03 | 51019-217/16L/2-88 : Tselina-2 | Zenit-2 | GIK-5 / LC45/1 | Failure |
| September 1991 (6) | |||||
| Sep 12 | 1991-063 | STS-48 : OV-103, UARS | Space Shuttle | KSC / LC39A | Success |
| Sep 13 | 1991-064 | 353-01 : Oko-S No. 7422 | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC81/23 | Success |
| Sep 17 | 1991-065 | 76047 -569 : Molniya-3 No. 48 | Molniya 8K78M | NIIP-53 / LC43/4 | Success |
| Sep 19 | 1991-066 | 77053 -983 : Kobal't No. 538, SpK | Soyuz-U | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| Sep 26 | 1991-067 | V46 L418a : Anik E1 | Ariane 44P | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Sep 28 | 1991-068 | 51057-902 : Strela-3 | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| October 1991 (7) | |||||
| Oct 02 | 1991-069 | R 15000-054 : Soyuz 7K-STM No. 63 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Oct 04 | 1991-070 | R 15000-026 : Foton No. 7L | Soyuz-U-PVB | NIIP-53 / LC43/4 | Success |
| Oct 09 | 1991-071 | G 15000-048 : Orlets-1 No. 3L, SpK-1, SpK-2 +6 more, SpK-3, SpK-4, SpK-5, SpK-6, SpK-7, SpK-8 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Oct 10 | 1991-072 | 53778-420 : Taifun-1B No. 13L | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC132/1 | Success |
| Oct 17 | 1991-073 | R 15000-055 : Progress 7K-TGM No. 211, VBK-4 | Soyuz-U2 | GIK-5 / LC1 | Success |
| Oct 23 | 1991-074 | 362-02 : Gorizont No. 35L | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC200/39 | Success |
| Oct 29 | 1991-075 | V47 L419 : INTELSAT VI F-1 | Ariane 44L | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| November 1991 (7) | |||||
| Nov 08 | 1991-076 | K-8 (45F-2) : SLDCOM 2, Improved PARCAE 2 SSU-1, Improved PARCAE 2 SSU-2 +1 more, Improved PARCAE 2 SSU-3 | Titan 403A | VS / SLC4E | Success |
| Nov 12 | 1991-077 | 45057-903 : Strela-3 | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/1 | Success |
| Nov 20 | 1991-078 | 77053 -984 : Kobal't No. 539, SpK | Soyuz-U | NIIP-53 / LC43/3 | Success |
| Nov 22 | 1991-079 | 353-02 : Geizer No. 18L | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC81/23 | Success |
| Nov 24 | 1991-080 | STS-44 : OV-104, DSP 16 | Space Shuttle | KSC / LC39A | Success |
| Nov 27 | 1991-081 | 65048-409 : Parus No. 606 | Kosmos 11K65M | NIIP-53 / LC133/3 | Success |
| Nov 28 | 1991-082 | 53E : DMSP Block 5D-2 S-12 | Atlas E | VS / SLC3W | Success |
| December 1991 (6) | |||||
| Dec 07 | 1991-083 | AC-102 : Eutelsat II F-3 | Atlas II | CC / LC36B | Success |
| Dec 16 | 1991-084 | V48 L420a : Telecom 2A, INMARSAT II F-3 | Ariane 44L | CSG / ELA2 | Success |
| Dec 17 | 1991-085 | 76032 -494 : Kometa No. 14L | Soyuz-U | GIK-5 / LC31 | Success |
| Dec 18 | 1991-086 | 51033-304 : AUOS-Z-AP-IK No. 301, S2-AP | Tsiklon-3 | NIIP-53 / LC32/2 | Success |
| Dec 19 | 1991-087 | 355-01 : Gran' No. 39L | Proton-K/DM-2 | GIK-5 / LC81/23 | Success |
| Dec 28 | 1991-088 | Y9 : DFH 2A-4 | Chang Zheng 3 | XSC / LC3 | Failure |